is a high-performance runtime that includes a JVM but adds a lot more features:
Polyglot support - you can run not just Java, but also JavaScript, Ruby, Python, R, and even LLVM-based languages (like C/C++)
Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation - you can compile Java applications into native binaries with native-image, which start almost instantly and use less memory than a traditional JVM app
Enhanced JIT compiler - GraalVM has its own high-performance JIT compiler (the Graal compiler), which can replace the standard HotSpot JIT