To learn how to write tests, go to 3 - Testing (Automated Tests)

Frameworks

JUnit

the de-facto standard for unit testing Java applications

Mockito

spying objects/dependencies framework

PowerMock

a more powerful Mockito

Wiremock

for stubbing out external services

AssertJ

a fluent assertion library

Hamcrest

a library of matcher objects (also known as constraints or predicates)

JSONassert

an assertion library for JSON

JsonPath

XPath for JSON

Pact

for writing Consumer-Driven Contracts (CDC) tests

Selenium

for writing UI-driven end-to-end tests

REST-assured

for writing REST API-driven end-to-end tests

TestContainers

for using Docker containers within tests

Micro-benchmarks Frameworks

for performance/micro-benchmark testing

Spring Testing Framework

utilities and integration test support for Spring Boot applications

Maven Plugins

see: Maven - Test Plugins