Languages or Logic Classes are formulations of logic that represents knowledge and reasoning capabilities
components of a Formal Logical System:
- well-defined syntax - set of lexicons
- semantics - what syntax means
- proof theory (inference engine) - says what can be inferred. thus producing new knowledge
knowledge is represented with the components: syntax and semantics
reasoning capabilities are dependent on the inference engine component used
Use Cases
- Programming Languages - Logic
- Knowledge Representation & Reasoning (KRR - KR² - KR&R) - Machine Reasoning (MR)
Properties of Formal Logic Systems/Languages
- Classical Negation - Default Negation - Negation as Failure (NAF) - Logical Negation
- Closed World Assumption (CWA) - Argument From Ignorance (AFI) - Open World Assumption (OWA)
- Monotonic／Admissible - Non-Monotonic／Defeasible
Formal Logical Systems/Languages or Logic Classes
|
Formal Language |
Description |
Ontological Commitment (what exists in the world - allowed types of propositions about the world) |
Epistemological Commitment (what an agent believes about each proposition - allowed value assigned to each proposition) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Boolean Logic |
is not really a Formal Logic System? | ||
|
expands on Boolean Logic |
facts |
true/false/unknown | |
|
facts, objects, relations |
true/false/unknown | ||
|
Higher Order Logic | |||
|
Temporal Logic |
added dimension of time |
facts, objects, relations, times |
true/false/unknown |
|
Probability Theory |
facts |
degree of belief [0,1] | |
|
facts with degree of truth [0,1] |
known interval value | ||
|
works well for single agent performing instantaneous, discrete actions | |||
|
works well for actions that have duration and overlaps with each other | |||