／var／logmarcus chiu

Glycerolipid or Acylglycerol or Glyceride

Created on

Sections

Monoglyceride

  • also: acylglycerol or monoacylglycerol
  • monoglycerides are formed with 1 glycerol and 1 fatty acid by a process called dehydration synthesis (1 glycerol + 1 fatty acid ↔ 1 monoglyceride + H2O)
  • 2 types of monoglycerides:
    • 1-monoacylglycerols where the fatty acid is attached to a primary alcohol
    • 2-monoacylglycerols where the fatty acid is attached to the secondary alcohol
1-monoacylglycerol

H O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| H H H
|
H - C - O - H
|
|
|
H - C - O - H
|
H

2-monoacylglycerol

H
|
H - C - O - H
|
| O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| H H H
|
H - C - O - H
|
H

Diglyceride

  • also:diacylglycerol (DAG)
  • diglycerides are formed with 1 glycerol and 2 fatty acids  by a process called dehydration synthesis (1 glycerol + 2 fatty acids ↔ 1 diglyceride + 2H2O)
  • 2 types of diglycerides:
    • 1,2-diacylglycerols
    • 1,3-diacylglycerols
1,2-diacylglycerol

H O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| H H H
|
| O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| H H H
|
H - C - O - H
|
H

1,3-diacylglycerol

H O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| H H H
|
H - C - O - H
|
| O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
H H H H

Triglyceride

  • also: triacylglycerol
  • triglycerides are considered fats
  • triglycerides are formed with 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids by a process called dehydration synthesis (1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids ↔ 1 triglycerides + 3H2O)
  • triglycerides are stored in fat cells

H O H H H
| ‖ | | |
H - C - O - C - C - C - C - …
| | | |
| O H H H
| ‖
H - C - O - C - …
|
| O
| ‖
H - C - O - C - …
|
H

Types of Glycerides

  • saturated fat - saturated with the most amount of Hydrogen atoms allowed
  • unsaturated fat - not saturated
    • mono-unsaturated fat - just one double bond in a fatty acid
    • poly-unsaturated fat - multiple double bonds in a fatty acid
  • see Alkanes vs Alkenes for structure difference between saturated and unsaturated
  • trans fat - contains trans configuration instead of cis configuration